Preheat your oven to 425°F (220°C) and line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
Roll out your pizza dough on a lightly floured surface into individual circles, about 8-10 inches (20-25 cm) in diameter.
Spoon a generous amount of pizza sauce onto one half of each dough circle, leaving a small border around the edges.
Sprinkle shredded mozzarella cheese over the sauce, then add your desired fillings, such as pepperoni, cooked sausage, sautéed vegetables, or a combination of ingredients.
Carefully fold the other half of the dough over the fillings to create a half-moon shape. Press the edges firmly together to seal, then crimp with a fork to ensure they are tightly closed.
Transfer the calzones to the prepared baking sheet, leaving some space between each one.
Optional: Brush the tops of the calzones with beaten egg for a shiny finish and extra flavor.
Bake in the preheated oven for 20-25 minutes, or until the calzones are golden brown and crispy.
Remove from the oven and let cool slightly before serving.
Enjoy your homemade calzones hot out of the oven, either on their own or with a side of marinara sauce for dipping. Buon appetito!