Place the shrimp in a bowl and season with kosher salt and baking soda. Toss well to coat and let them rest briefly while you prepare the other ingredients.
Bring a large pot of generously salted water to a boil. Cook the pasta according to the package directions until al dente. Reserve about 1 cup of the pasta water, then drain.
While the pasta cooks, heat about 4–6 tablespoons of the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the shrimp and cook until just cooked through and lightly browned, turning as needed. Transfer the shrimp to a plate and set aside.
Reduce the heat to medium. Add the remaining olive oil to the skillet along with the minced garlic and red pepper flakes. Cook briefly, stirring constantly, until the garlic is fragrant but not browned.
Add the dry vermouth and bring it to a simmer. Cook until the liquid reduces slightly and the alcohol cooks off.
Remove the skillet from the heat and gradually whisk or stir in the butter until it melts into a smooth, glossy sauce.
Add the lemon juice, lemon zest, parsley, tarragon, and chives. Season with freshly ground black pepper.
Add the cooked pasta and shrimp to the skillet and toss thoroughly to coat everything in the sauce. Add a little reserved pasta water as needed to loosen the sauce and help it cling to the pasta.
Taste and adjust the seasoning. Serve immediately with additional lemon zest or fresh herbs if desired.