Preheat the oven to 425°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
Cut the pressed tofu into 1-inch cubes. Toss with the olive oil and salt, then spread into a single layer on the prepared baking sheet. Bake for 15 minutes until lightly golden around the edges. This helps the tofu hold its shape while soaking up the curry sauce.
Meanwhile, heat the olive oil in a large skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the onion and cook for 8 to 10 minutes until softened and lightly golden.
Stir in the garlic and ginger, then cook for about 30 seconds until fragrant.
Add the Thai curry paste, curry powder, and turmeric. Stir constantly for 1 minute so the spices become fragrant.
Pour in the coconut milk, vegetable broth, soy sauce, and brown sugar. Stir well and bring the mixture to a gentle simmer.
Add the cauliflower, carrots, and bell pepper. Simmer for 10 to 12 minutes until the vegetables begin to soften.
Gently stir in the baked tofu and continue cooking for another 5 minutes so the tofu absorbs the flavorful broth.
Fold in the spinach and cook for 1 to 2 minutes until wilted.
Remove from the heat and stir in the lime juice. Taste and season with additional salt and black pepper if needed.
Serve hot over steamed jasmine rice and garnish with fresh cilantro and lime wedges.